Electronic Self-checkout System Essay -- Technology, Cashier Checkout

Various observational examinations have inferred that a customer’s attribution of the reason for a postponement essentially influences its passionate results (see Taylor, 1994; Tom and Lucey, 1995). As per these examinations, clients are more unsatisfied with longer than anticipated holds up brought about by challenges that the store could have helped (for example wasteful checkout work force, understaffing, inability to give express checkouts) than with delays because of outer factors, for example, arbitrary varieties in store swarming, till breakdowns, the hour of day (a few periods are definitely busier than others) or the nearness of clients with a lot of shopping. This was particularly evident if little exertion with respect to the specialist organization was expected to improve the circumstance and additionally the issue making the postpone was a standard event. It showed up, hence, that the purposes behind a long line were significant determinants of consumer loyalty or disappointment, not simply the delay’s span. The Psychology of Combining Queues Consolidating lines have demonstrated not to be a decent method for overseeing lines in markets and general stores. Studies have indicated that despite the fact that joining lines have been effective in some help associations, these strategies have demonstrated to have negative outcomes in markets. Among the elements that cause deferrals of clients who are in line at the checkout counter in supermarkets is management’s endeavor to join lines. As opposed to regular figurings, there are explanations behind accepting that consolidating lines, particularly lines of clients in checkout lines in markets, may on occasion be counterproductive. Rothkopf and Rech (1987) in their workshop had one member refering to the act of combini... ...e administration increasingly important and were eager to pay significantly more for it when they discovered there were more individuals behind the places that were held for them. There exists an all inclusive human propensity to find out around ones self through correlation with others (Gilbert, Price and Allan, 1995). Clients in checkout lines will in general contrast their situation in line and those of different clients. Be that as it may, seeing individuals behind is to some degree comfort since ―there are individuals more awful off than meâ€â€", in this way making the experience less difficult. The investigation delineated three arrangements of components (line factors, individual variables, and situational factors) that may shape the degree of social examinations, every one of which is tried. Hkust and Hkust (2002) communicated that constrained research considers have been directed to decide how administration holds up can be controlled. To control the time customers’ hold up in line,

International Business Cultural Diversity Management Essay

Worldwide Business Cultural Diversity Management Essay You are required to help crafted by TATA Ltd. One of the universes generally powerful and confided in business conglomerates, Tata has over a time of involvement with the UK and a developing nearness in a few business areas. The organization needs to improve its productivity all through its divisions and accepts that utilizing social assorted variety components might be the key. 3). Social Differences are considered liable for some disappointments in mergers and acquisitions (MA). Fundamentally examine which business perspectives are probably going to be influenced. Overseeing and working with multicultural groups requires a comprehension of social decent variety to make a successful group. Fundamentally examine the issues This exposition will talk about Tata, their MA, the effects of social contrasts and the various angles they need to consider to manufacture a worldwide group. Normally utilized under the name of MA (Mergers Acquisitions), this term alludes to a combination of organizations. Merger is a key partnership whose the point is to make another substance. An obtaining is the reality to secure another organization by buying it. Goodbye needs to improve its effectiveness all through its divisions and accepts that utilizing social decent variety elements might be the key. Goodbye is an Indian gathering established in 1868 by the Indian business visionary Jamsetji Tata and right now run by the Irish representative Cyrus Pallonji Mistry. These days, Tata is a ground-breaking global gathering working in excess of 80 nations by a broadening technique (because of the MA). The gatherings movement is separated into various segments, for example: innovation, vehicles, administrations, power, shopper items, refreshments, steel, materials and synthetic concoctions. In fact, this global gathering has obtained since around ten years various organizations which have cost through and through a few milliards of dollars. These are the principle takeovers: Tetley Group (UK) in 2000: tea Official Hotel (Indian) in 2002: lodgings Hughes Telecom (Indian) in 2002: telecom Daewoo Commercial Vehicle Company (Korean) in 2004: vehicles NatSteel Asia (Singaporean) in 2005: steel Brunner Mond (UK) in 2005: synthetic concoctions Eight O Clock Coffee Company (USA) in 2006: espresso Panther and Land Rover (UK) in 2008: vehicles Source: Tata Group 2012 Goodbye needs to improve its presentation on account of MA yet to arrive at that objective; it needs to consider that social contrasts influence various business viewpoints in this sort of key collusion. For Adler and Gundersen (2008), social contrasts may have positives and negatives impacts on a multicultural groups execution. Undoubtedly, the diverse contrasts are connected to execution. The social contrasts are one of the most significant highlights to consider to prevail in a M&A; possibly the most significant. The way of life is mind boggling; it is a common arrangement of mentalities, convictions and conduct. These days, the business is globalized and worldwide; we can nearly discuss a business culture run by the globalization (Hopper, 2007). To be sure, the world isn't decreasing yet individuals and their way of life are drawing nearer. Goodbye needs to comprehend that overlook the social contrasts would be a horrible mix-up: the MA would not work or would not be as succe ssful true to form. Goodbye ought not commit similar errors than the Merger between Chrysler (American) and Daimler-Benz (German) in 1998. It is a notable case of how social contrasts can be considered liable for a disappointment in a MA. As per Vlasic and Stertz (2001), the primary driver of this disappointment was the social contrasts. In fact, Chrysler and Daimler had similar targets yet the culturally diverse hole between the two was excessively profound and insufficient considered to succeed (Schneider, 1997). Deliberately, the merger was a decent arrangement for both. Anyway gradually, the social contrasts have driven the merger to disappointment. This key collusion wrapped up by a significant efficient (the greater part a billion dollars) and social cost (repetition). This model is the ideal confirmation than social contrasts seriously absorbed can carry a MA to poor efficiency and once in a while disappointment. Numerous mergers and acquisitions come up short. To be sure, the normal pace of disa ppointment is between 40-80%. As indicated by Trompenaars and Asser (2010), it fluctuates somewhere in the range of 20% and 33%. Stahl and Voigt (2008) state that this pace of disappointment is moderately high and the effect of social contrasts stay more often than not, seriously acclimatized. Investors have propensity to disparage the social factors in mergers and acquisitions. For Ferraro (2002), perhaps the greatest misstep is to believe that if an individual is effective in his activity, he will fundamentally prevail in a domain socially unique. As indicated by Harris and Moran (2000), culture follows up on correspondence, techniques, relations, associations and structures. To be sure, the social contrasts influence various business perspectives, for example, association, monetary execution, exchange, correspondence, methods of completing work, the human connections, the time, the earth and the administration. Inadequate attention to social contrasts may incite harms. (Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner 1997, p. 10). Truth be told, social contrasts severely aced can prompt: mistaken assumptions, off base trade of data, destroyed exchanges, loss of deals, poor work relations, lost gifted representatives, constrained co-activity, threatening vibe and contention. (To change: Sian Taylors exercise). Joynt and Morton (1999) express that the social contrasts strongly affect the association. Truth be told, a MA may incite various changes in the association structure. When there are various leveled and hierarchical changes, the investors may have a few troubles to concur with the feeling or the status of the new associates. It might cause pressures and erosions between them. The HR administrations and the supervisory crew field have a basic task to carry out in this sort of key collusions. (Source terrible guide to stretch out and to change) Culture has additionally a solid effect on the profitability. The social perspectives may influence various different business viewpoints which impact by implication on the presentation of the MA specifically making benefits (Stahl and Voigt, 2005). For them, To expand adequacy across societies, preparing must be the focal point of the activity, while instruction thought of regarding the individual, and advancement held for hierarchical concerns.(To change?) Culture contrasts seriously absorbed item poor outcomes and execution. Be that as it may, the connections between the MA execution and the social contrasts are not as simple as it could appear. (To Change and broaden) King et al (2004) express that in spite of many years of research, what impacts the money related execution of firms taking part in MA movement remains to a great extent unexplained. (To change?) The arrangement is additionally a viewpoint influenced by the social contrasts. For example, awful ace of the way of life or the nearby traditions can prompt errors and disarrays (Schein, 1993). It includes the gatherings, the contacts and all the parts of the arrangement between two questioners socially extraordinary. Each culture has its own particular manner to haggle despite the fact that certain are comparative. For example, the Indians representatives of Tata are utilized to arrange in light of the fact that it is something day by day and at each snapshot of the day in India. They infrequently state no by good manners and now and again their answer may appear to be muddled, that is the reason, a remote moderator ought to have the option to interpret the non-verbal language to realize what they truly think, (for example, cross legs or arms). (connection with Tata? + terrible model) Another viewpoint that can be an issue is correspondence. Javidan and House (2002) express that during a MA, social contrasts may have negatives impacts on correspondence. For example, Tata considered this viewpoint for the obtaining of Jaguar and Land Rover. The Indian gathering needed to hold a decent correspondence with the representatives of Jaguar and Land Rover. As indicated by Schein (1993), in a business, the exchange is early stage. Indeed, it empowers to transmit the data so as to be exact and compelling. It influences various fields, for example, the administration of individuals, arrangement, gatherings, contracts, mingling, introductions, and publicizing. During a MA, the correspondence is a deciding variable: of achievement or disappointment (Trompenaars and Asser 2010, p.10). As indicated by Stahl and Voigt (2008), in MA, the way of life unequivocally sway the methods of completing the work, for example, the degrees of convention, resistance of hazard and strategies for dynamic (Communicaid 2008). Truth be told, each culture has his own specific manner to carry out the responsibility. Goodbye needs to think about this reality, specifically for MA with different societies like European (Tetley gathering (UK)) or American (Eight O Clock Coffee Company). Social contrasts might be hindrances to the exhibition when they contrarily sway the connections among individuals and particularly between the workers (to reach out) of a MA. Specifically, the method of managing struggle (To change). Frequently, individuals have a fixed thought of a specific kind of individual or thing, it is known as a generalization. Culture resembles an ice sheet. At the top, the components we can see genuinely, for example, the conduct, the garments and the food. While underneath, there is all the things we can't see at the primary sight, for example, implications, convictions, mentalities and qualities. Numerous individuals are affected by their social roots which are all the time transmitted by the family. (Too change, Sian Taylors exercise). Culturally diverse contrast can impactsly affect the human connections (Javidan and House, 2002). As indicated by Kleppest㠸 (1998), we may see once in a while, the making of in-gathering and out-gathering. (too broaden ). A terrible understanding between workers has for principle result the fall of efficiency. Surely, the distinction of culture doesn't improve the connections, particularly when sharehold

Off-Panel December 12, 2014

Off-Panel December 12, 2014 Heres your weekly round-up of comics news stories we found interesting, from the gutters and beyond. FREE COMIC BOOK DAYs Gold Sponsor titles for 2015 have been revealed, and the big news has got to be Secret Wars #1 from Marvel. (But my heart has a big spot saved for the Boom! 10th anniversary collection: its going to have stuff from Lumberjanes, Jim Hensons Labyrinth, and  Adventure Time.) Each day, a new book will be announced from a variety of different publishers, like a digital advent calendar where instead of candy and tiny toys, you get comics. You can keep the book or gift it to someone of your choosing. Spread the love. Youll have to pop in daily to see what surprises await. The giveaway kicks off with  The Wake  #1. The story is about Lee Archer, a marine biologist who finds herself in the employ of the Department of Homeland Security. Shes taken to a secret oilrig hidden in the Arctic Circle where they have discovered something both terrifying and wonderful. It must really be the season of Santa, because Comixology is giving away comics for the next 12 days. Get em! The question is, why do folks like Broderick and Ellis find that threatening? How exactly does someone cosplaying Power-Girl next to your booth damage you? People sometimes make vague claims about loss of revenue, or that the cosplayers dont buy enough comicsâ€"though its  hard to figure  how more people at a convention filing past your table is going to damage your bottom line. The real vitriol, in any case, as in Elliss statement, seems to be directed at the sexuality of cosplay, and even more at its artificiality. It’s the same mentality behind the  fake geek girl  memeâ€"the idea that women cosplayers arent real fans, and, beyond that, arent actually real people. As Julia Serano argues in her 2007 book  Whipping Girl: A Transsexual Woman on Sexism and the Scapegoating of Femininity, the feminine is often denigrated as artificial and sexualized. The cosplayers threaten to undermine the authentic purity and virtue of the comics industry. A woman is getting her picture taken close byâ€"how can we ever take our magic wishing-rings and  giant-sized Man-Things  seriously again?! The Atlantic is asking some interesting questions about why some creators and fans respond the way they do to the practice of cosplay. My you-do-you policy kicks in pretty swiftly around all this stuff, as long as everyone is happy (and all interactions are consensual). Jeet Magic on the Twitter Mic Heer dropped his thoughts on how Maus can be read as a detective novel, and its as thought-provoking as it sounds (my Twitter account legit has a crush on him and his burgeoning twessay form). The book itself is experimental in a way that Archie comics were not.Tell me about that. The book is a 100-chapter book. Faced with an uninteresting corpus of text, I tried to write the book in an unusual way to offset that. The format was actually suggested by a colleague of mine who is a poet. He said, “You need to write this not as a scholarly book but like a book of poetry. With short chapters that people won’t get tired of.” The book doesn’t have to be read from beginning to end. You can jump around as I do close readings on very minor details. I have a whole chapter on Archie’s sweater vest and a whole chapter on Betty’s ponytail. Why did you choose to focus on that image? I argue that Betty in fact is her ponytail. Of the thousand issues of Archie that I read to write this book, I think there are only about five or six drawings of Betty without her ponytail. And whenever she takes her hair out of her ponytail, everything changes for her. So there are stories where she gives up, she realizes Archie will never love her, she’s sitting on her couch with her hair dishevelled, and she just becomes a depressive character. There are stories where she cuts her hair short in order to play the role of a hussy in the school play. She starts taking on more of a Veronica personality, she’s no longer the girl next door. That ponytail is very much tied to that naïve, innocent sense of Betty. University of Calgary comics scholar Bart Beaty talks about his new scholarly (but fun-sounding!) book about Archie Comics. Sign up to The Stack to receive  Book Riot Comic's best posts, picked for you. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

How to Write a Business Report Essay - 18530 Words

Reports and proposals After reading this chapter you should be able to: †¢ Explain the differences and similarities between formats, types or sub-genres of reports †¢ Explain the differences and similarities between reports and essays †¢ Explain why documents need to contain an appropriate balance of information and persuasion †¢ Demonstrate competence in writing a longer, analytical research report †¢ Explain the differences between reports and submissions, proposals and tenders So you’ve got to write a report . . . The ability to write reports is one of the most useful writing skills you can acquire. To be a good report writer means you must be competent at describing and analysing situations and people. A report is a powerful†¦show more content†¦195) Memo report Gives picture of non-routine processes and situations Gives picture of non-routine processes and situations Presents a case for change (e.g. a purchase, a new system and/or stafï ¬ ng) Letter report †¢ Mainly external †¢ Decision-makers Justiï ¬ cationShow MoreRelatedA Study On A Business Management1470 Words   |  6 PagesAs a Business Management major I have learned to appreciate the essence of a well-rounded curriculum to help fine tune and perfect a blooming business mind. I began college unsure of what path to follow. I walked through the doors of Francis Marion University, my first college, with little expectations and countless queries as to what my first year of college would hold. The first year was more of an eye-opener than a truly enlightening experience. I slowly began to understand that college was muchRead MoreWriting Of The Discipline Of Accounting1627 Words   |  7 Pagesme understand writing in the accounting field and how I feel about the career. Writing in the Discipline of Accounting Early in 9th grade I began to show an interest in the business world. One of my family members was finishing her Bachelor’s in Business Administration and she would tell me key points of her lectures and I would write it down and study it. As I progressed through high school I started to gain an interest of how business transactions are done and who keeps record of itRead MoreBad Debt Expense Memo936 Words   |  4 Pages000 when they filed for bankruptcy. You decide whether to write the total $15,000 account payable off as a bad debt expense and report an operating loss, or just report these losses as extraordinary event and this method allow you to report $7,500 operating profit instead of report operating loss. Because you have to present your first year operating statement to a multi-national search company in order to sell your SEC filling search business, the decision you made will be really important for youRead MoreDiscuss Paper906 Words   |  4 Pagesorganization f or your report and presentation. †¢Explain how you will go about analyzing the audience and whether the audience profile would be a factor in the successfulness of your speech. †¢Describe what you believe you can do as a speaker to respond to the audience’s listening goals. Eng discuss 2 †¢Identify the type of outline and/or speaking notes you would prefer to use for your speech and explain why Eng Assignment 5.1: Report - Draft Version Write a formal justification report to an organizationRead MoreIndustrial Attachment Report Format1101 Words   |  5 PagesStudents Industrial Attachment Report Format Part 1 The above heading ‘PART 1’ is just a guide. You must not label this preliminary section ‘part 1’ in the actual report. Cover page [2] [This will contain title of the report, the name of the entity for which it was prepared, the name of the person who prepared it, the date the report is to be presented. This page should not be numbered]. Abstract [10] [This should contain a summary of the main body of the report. It should be about one pageRead MoreMBA Student Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesCase 1Reporting evidence from business and management research , Katie is working in her local NHS hospital on a six-month internship.,During her time there, the hospital plans the introduction of what they call a Leadership at all Levels programme. All staff are to be encouraged to act as leaders, and Katie is asked to write a report for her manager setmakes a special point of telling Katie that the hospital wants to make its introduction evidencebased. This means, he explains, thatRead MoreWhat Is Business Management? Essay1532 Words   |  7 PagesDefining the Discipline What is Business Management? Studying for a business and management studies degree allows us to develop a broad understanding of business organizations and provides us with subject-specific knowledge in areas such as marketing, customers, finance, operations, communication, information technology, business policies and strategies. What Jobs can you receive with a degree in Business Management? The business field has many choices because there are different types of businessesRead MoreComputer Project Management942 Words   |  4 PagesCMT3342 January - June 2012 Teaching Week No. | Lecture Topic | Seminar Topic | Group Project | Essay | 1 | Introduction to Project Management | Introduction to the module and its assessment structure + introduction to the essay topic and how to write essays that get good grades (slides) | | Start individual essay, analyse essay question | 2 | Advanced information seeking and information literacy for project purposes | Exercise in the library or any room with sufficient number of networkedRead More: Research And Development, Research And Development1071 Words   |  5 Pagesthe same time, but sometimes it doesnt happen that way, so the company must report it as an unearned revenue. As far as the GAAP, it allows companies to estimate the cost of the items if they are sold by themselves individually, which then later allocate the selling price. For instance, LISD gets a technology grant and need to purchase 70 Ipads for students and charges the district $40,000 and then in return Apple reports the $40,000 as cash and recognizes revenue. In this section of research andRead MoreMarket Research and Garden Supplies Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesInstructions Black = headings for your report Orange = you need to write something Blue = Useful workbook material Remember to delete unnecessary notes before you submit your task! To assist you in writing your report, please answer the questions asked or follow directions. Do NOT save your work using this file. To save your work:- go to file -gt; save as -gt; name your document -gt; save it to a usb or on your computer. Your report must:- * Be written in plain English

The Growth of Conflict in Peter Calleros The Myth of...

Conflict is something that exists in the everyday lives of all humans throughout the world. It can be shaped by the thoughts that are shared and also challenged by others. Conflict is like a tree. Once the idea is planted into someones thoughts, it sprouts and begins to grow. As the idea continues to grow and spreads its branches, others who agree with the idea grow around it and the conflict builds and builds until it is like an overwhelming forest. Once conflict is formed and created, it can grow until it affects the lives of everyone is the surrounding area and can lead to extreme cases. This is the case when Callero shows how conflict can be created and begin violence, how Venkatesh shows the spread of conflict so the violence affects†¦show more content†¦One example of conflict that he encountered while he was conducting his studies was that he had to choose sides between gangs from the very beginning in order to ensure his protection (Venkatesh 102). The leader of the Black Kings, J.T., makes it very clear to Venkatesh, who had started to hang out with a man from another gang territory named Autry, that Venkatesh could only truly work with one gang in order to be safe from the other gangs (Venkatesh 102). He quotes both J.T. and Autry discussing where Venkatesh stands depending on what territory he is in, Whoa, my brother. Like I said, hes with me. And what if he comes by my building? Is he with you then? [...] Then hes with you! [...] (102). This shows the beginning of conflict between rival gangs, even if both men are friends in a way. Venkatesh had to choose side right away for his own safety and this prevented him from doing much work with Autry. Venkatesh studies how the gangs in Chicago can strongly influence their neighborhoods and how the conflict between the gangs can result in violence and even death. This exists through gang wars where drive-by shootings and fights breakout between members of the gangs. Venkatesh was present during a m ediation between two gang leaders to resolve the conflict going on that had resulted in a shooting (Venkatesh 106-110). The conflict had been caused between two younger members of the different gangs who went to the same high school and were

Deutsche Brewery Question and Answer Free Essays

1. What accounts for Deutsche Brauerei’s (DB) rapid growth in recent years? What strategic choices were made? The Ukraine account grow rapidly in the recent years. The strategic is just expanding, more focus on the sale/volume, not on how to turn the order to money. We will write a custom essay sample on Deutsche Brewery Question and Answer or any similar topic only for you Order Now It can be understood that the local distributors need some policy support from DB, because they just start, still at the beginning of capitalization period. The current credit policy is applicable for the starting phase, but long term it needs to be adapted (e. g annual bounce on the pay on time accounts). Meanwhile because of fast expansion, more investments on the Assets in Ukraine is needed. The financial plan includes a 7 million euro investment in new plant and equipment for the Ukrainian operations in 2001, followed by a 6. 8 million euro investment in 2002 for a new Ukranian warehouse and distribution center. Which is reasonable, but need more detail plan/business case before make the decision. I would say, half of the amount should be financed by Ukraine team itself, if they are able to turn the account receivable to cash. 2. What is the credit policy for DB for distributors in the Ukraine? Why is it different from other sales? Is it appropriate (examine the business models in both instances). The credit policy for Ukranian distributors from 2 percent 10, net 40 to 2 percent 10, net 80 (clients could take a 2% discount if payment was made within 10 days of the invoice, otherwise payment was due in full within 80 days). The credit policy for Ukranian distributors differed because Ukrainian entrepreneurs, who are ambitious to grow but without support from the bank as in Germany. The credit policy for the Ukranian distributors is applicable, which can support the distributor to expand, buy new equipment, and required more time than usual to pay. Also is a good investment for DB to build up the relationship with the distributor and meanwhile invest for the futurn. But on the other hand, long payment turn cost bad cash flow. In Ex1, the account receivable increase a lot, which 3. Why does this profitable firm need increasing amounts of debt? If the company wants to expand, they need cash. It seems that DB is profitable, but because of the big account receivable, which cause actually cash tie-up. In order to still keep expanding, DB have to increasing amount of debt for investing. 4. Something about dividends: The quarterly dividend proposed is 698,000 euro, an amount equal to 25% of the projected 2001 dividends (2,793 k). However, this dividend increase is based on projected earnings, and several factors affect whether those earnings. Better to reserve a part of money till end of the year. . What should Greta do with respect to: the proposed raise for Pinchuk, the quarterly dividend and the financial plan for 2001? Regarding the credit policy for Ukranian distributors, Oleg argues that this process is profitable for the company. Actually, Ex1 in the base case shows accounts receivables in the Ukraine increased 30% from 1999 to 2000, and is projected to increase for the next 2 years (50% then 30% based on the previous year). Having a large amount of money tied up in re ceivables is risky. My idea will be short the payment to 40 days, pay in 10 days will have even bigger discount 3-4%, meanwhile, if the account can pay all the bill on time (40 days), can get annul bounce (tbd). For the investment, I will be more careful, Although the data should the growth of sale and assent is not hand in hand. But because of the high debt/equity ratio, I will be more careful on the investment, avoid to have too high debt. We can try to work together with one or two local disctributors (e. g. Kiev, Odessa) to have JV project. About the dividends, I will maybe go for 60% of earning, which mean 15% of the projected annual dividends for the quarterly pay. Just in case, if the actual data is not as good as predicted data, we still have enough cash to run the business. 6. Some observation of Ex4. Profitability: low return Leverage: high risk (high debt) Asset utilization: receiveables growth rate high longer payment. Difference between sale growth and asset growth. Sale Growth is much higher than assent growth, need to consider investment. Liquidity: short term financial commitment. Quick ratio is too high. How to cite Deutsche Brewery Question and Answer, Essay examples

Deutsche Brewery Question and Answer Free Essays

1. What accounts for Deutsche Brauerei’s (DB) rapid growth in recent years? What strategic choices were made? The Ukraine account grow rapidly in the recent years. The strategic is just expanding, more focus on the sale/volume, not on how to turn the order to money. We will write a custom essay sample on Deutsche Brewery Question and Answer or any similar topic only for you Order Now It can be understood that the local distributors need some policy support from DB, because they just start, still at the beginning of capitalization period. The current credit policy is applicable for the starting phase, but long term it needs to be adapted (e. g annual bounce on the pay on time accounts). Meanwhile because of fast expansion, more investments on the Assets in Ukraine is needed. The financial plan includes a 7 million euro investment in new plant and equipment for the Ukrainian operations in 2001, followed by a 6. 8 million euro investment in 2002 for a new Ukranian warehouse and distribution center. Which is reasonable, but need more detail plan/business case before make the decision. I would say, half of the amount should be financed by Ukraine team itself, if they are able to turn the account receivable to cash. 2. What is the credit policy for DB for distributors in the Ukraine? Why is it different from other sales? Is it appropriate (examine the business models in both instances). The credit policy for Ukranian distributors from 2 percent 10, net 40 to 2 percent 10, net 80 (clients could take a 2% discount if payment was made within 10 days of the invoice, otherwise payment was due in full within 80 days). The credit policy for Ukranian distributors differed because Ukrainian entrepreneurs, who are ambitious to grow but without support from the bank as in Germany. The credit policy for the Ukranian distributors is applicable, which can support the distributor to expand, buy new equipment, and required more time than usual to pay. Also is a good investment for DB to build up the relationship with the distributor and meanwhile invest for the futurn. But on the other hand, long payment turn cost bad cash flow. In Ex1, the account receivable increase a lot, which 3. Why does this profitable firm need increasing amounts of debt? If the company wants to expand, they need cash. It seems that DB is profitable, but because of the big account receivable, which cause actually cash tie-up. In order to still keep expanding, DB have to increasing amount of debt for investing. 4. Something about dividends: The quarterly dividend proposed is 698,000 euro, an amount equal to 25% of the projected 2001 dividends (2,793 k). However, this dividend increase is based on projected earnings, and several factors affect whether those earnings. Better to reserve a part of money till end of the year. . What should Greta do with respect to: the proposed raise for Pinchuk, the quarterly dividend and the financial plan for 2001? Regarding the credit policy for Ukranian distributors, Oleg argues that this process is profitable for the company. Actually, Ex1 in the base case shows accounts receivables in the Ukraine increased 30% from 1999 to 2000, and is projected to increase for the next 2 years (50% then 30% based on the previous year). Having a large amount of money tied up in re ceivables is risky. My idea will be short the payment to 40 days, pay in 10 days will have even bigger discount 3-4%, meanwhile, if the account can pay all the bill on time (40 days), can get annul bounce (tbd). For the investment, I will be more careful, Although the data should the growth of sale and assent is not hand in hand. But because of the high debt/equity ratio, I will be more careful on the investment, avoid to have too high debt. We can try to work together with one or two local disctributors (e. g. Kiev, Odessa) to have JV project. About the dividends, I will maybe go for 60% of earning, which mean 15% of the projected annual dividends for the quarterly pay. Just in case, if the actual data is not as good as predicted data, we still have enough cash to run the business. 6. Some observation of Ex4. Profitability: low return Leverage: high risk (high debt) Asset utilization: receiveables growth rate high longer payment. Difference between sale growth and asset growth. Sale Growth is much higher than assent growth, need to consider investment. Liquidity: short term financial commitment. Quick ratio is too high. How to cite Deutsche Brewery Question and Answer, Essay examples

The Types Of Ruin A Revolution In Animal Farm Essays - British Films

The Types Of Ruin A Revolution In Animal Farm The Types to Ruin a Revolution in Animal Farm There are the infamous examples of Stalin and Hitler in history in which someone takes abuse of power for their own personal gain. George Orwell emphasizes this idea of the abuse of power through animals in his novel Animal Farm. The characters of Napoleon, Squealer, the dogs, and Boxer all symbolize important types of people in the making and breaking of a revolution. Animal Farm contains the theme that there will always be some group of people who will contaminate an idealistic revolution for their own gain. The main character in Animal Farm who takes advantage of the stupider animals and completely ruins the Revolution is Napoleon, a pig. Napoleon loves power and chases away another pig with power, Snowball, so he can be the sole ruler. Napoleon symbolizes the people of the world who will do anything to be in control. One especially famous example of this type of person is the character Macbeth from William Shakespeare's Macbeth. Macbeth murdered the king, killed innocent people, and sacrificed his morals in order to become king. This type of person is needed in order for an idealistic revolution to be corrupted. Through the character of Napoleon, George Orwell emphasizes that there will always be someone willing to commit heinous deeds in order to become leader, dictator, or tyrant The pigs of the farm are much smarter then the rest of the barn animals and take up the job as the thinkers and planners. The other animals are the workers and diligently believe anything the pigs tell them. The abuse of power begins when they notice that the apples and milk start disappearing. Sqealer, the public speaker pig, explains this to the worker animals: You do not imagine, I hope, that we pigs are doing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? Many of us actually dislike milk and apples. I dislike them myself. Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health. Milk and apples (this has been proved by Science, comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig. We pigs are brainworkers. The whole management and organization of this farm depend on us. Day and night we are watching over your welfare. It is for your sake that we drink that milk and eat those apples. Do you know what would happen if we pigs failed in our duty? Jones would come back! Yes, Jones would come back! (p52) This is only the only the beginning, as the pigs keep taking more for themselves and leaving less for the rest of the animals. Eventually the worker animals are worse of then when they were with Mr. Jones. They are worked to death and on the verge of starvation because of the greed of the pigs. Orwell uses this suffering as an example of the extent some people will go to for personal gain. As any reader can see, Squealer had an important part in this process. Squealer symbolizes the public relations man who will say anything to get what he wants - kind of like a lawyer. Squealer is the most handy with words and can convince the worker animals of anything. He is even able to continually convince them that they remember things wrong. Squealer alters the past to the convenience of his idol, Napoleon. A squealer is needed for any man or animals rise to power, to brainwash the public into believing their leader is god. Orwell uses the character of Squealer to prove that there will always be a group of people who take a Revolution and corrupt it for their own personal gain. And then there are the dogs. Early in the novel , while Snowball is working on literacy for the entire farm, Napoleon steals some puppies sand raises them to be his guard dogs. The dogs symbolizes the Secret Police or law enforces that are needed to force the animal workers, or public, to do as the leader demands. The dogs are responsible for Napoleons rise to power. They look up to him as an master: It was noticed that they wagged their tails to him as the other dogs had been used to do to Mr. Jones. (p68) The dogs are also the type of people who can be easily brainwashed into believing that their master is God. They are the ones who do the dirty work. It is partly the terrorism of the dogs

Free Essays on Against The Evil Genius

In Descartes ¡Ã‚ ¦ first meditation he spends the majority of his time in an attempt to disprove some fundamental beliefs. He argues that his senses are, at times, misguiding as they lead him to take some falsities for truths. He also states in his  ¡Ã‚ §dream theory ¡Ã‚ ¨ that it is sometimes impossible to discern waking reality from dreaming reality. All of these instances of miscued reality lead Descartes to an alternative hypothesis, the evil genius argument. This  ¡Ã‚ §evil genius ¡Ã‚ ¨ argument states that there is an all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-clever being causing us to believe in a false reality set up by himself, the evil genius. In the evil genius argument, Descartes abandons all previous beliefs of a benevolent, caring, and supremely good god and replaces it with this idea of an evil genius, whose sole purpose is to deceive Descartes. Later on in Meditation VI Descartes makes a stand against his evil genius theory relying on the idea of God as backing. He makes the statement that God has given him reasons to believe in the physical existence of reality. However, there is no way to disprove that physical existence. If the external physical world familiar to Descartes did not exist, then that would make God a deceiver. Under our supremely good view of God, the notion of him being deceitful in nature would certainly be untrue. The conclusion of this would be that the external physical world is in existence, in essence disproving the evil genius argument. P = No physical world exists. G = God is a deceiver. If P „ ³ G ~G______ ~P (Modus Tollens) In defense of the evil genius argument, a problem is raised in regards to the second premise, stating that God is certainly no deceiver. Given that god is our omniscient, omnipotent, omnipresent, and benevolent caretaker, anyone would certainly agree that he is as well, no deceiver. However, what if Gods characteristic of being perfectly good contradicted his ... Free Essays on Against The Evil Genius Free Essays on Against The Evil Genius In Descartes ¡Ã‚ ¦ first meditation he spends the majority of his time in an attempt to disprove some fundamental beliefs. He argues that his senses are, at times, misguiding as they lead him to take some falsities for truths. He also states in his  ¡Ã‚ §dream theory ¡Ã‚ ¨ that it is sometimes impossible to discern waking reality from dreaming reality. All of these instances of miscued reality lead Descartes to an alternative hypothesis, the evil genius argument. This  ¡Ã‚ §evil genius ¡Ã‚ ¨ argument states that there is an all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-clever being causing us to believe in a false reality set up by himself, the evil genius. In the evil genius argument, Descartes abandons all previous beliefs of a benevolent, caring, and supremely good god and replaces it with this idea of an evil genius, whose sole purpose is to deceive Descartes. Later on in Meditation VI Descartes makes a stand against his evil genius theory relying on the idea of God as backing. He makes the statement that God has given him reasons to believe in the physical existence of reality. However, there is no way to disprove that physical existence. If the external physical world familiar to Descartes did not exist, then that would make God a deceiver. Under our supremely good view of God, the notion of him being deceitful in nature would certainly be untrue. The conclusion of this would be that the external physical world is in existence, in essence disproving the evil genius argument. P = No physical world exists. G = God is a deceiver. If P „ ³ G ~G______ ~P (Modus Tollens) In defense of the evil genius argument, a problem is raised in regards to the second premise, stating that God is certainly no deceiver. Given that god is our omniscient, omnipotent, omnipresent, and benevolent caretaker, anyone would certainly agree that he is as well, no deceiver. However, what if Gods characteristic of being perfectly good contradicted his ...

Creating a Spinning Steel Wool Sparkler

Creating a Spinning Steel Wool Sparkler Steel wool, like all metals, burns when enough energy is supplied. Its a simple oxidation reaction, like rust formation, except faster.  This is the basis for the thermite reaction, but its even easier to burn a metal when it has a lot of surface area. Heres a fun fire science project where you  spin burning steel wool to create a fantastic sparkler effect. Its simple  and makes an ideal subject for science photographs. Spinning Steel Wool Sparkler Materials You can get these materials at just about any store. If you have a choice of steel wool pads, go for ones with thin fibers, since these burn the best. a pad of steel woolwire whiskheavy string or a light rope9-volt battery What You Do Gently pull apart the steel wool a bit to increase the space between the fibers. This allows more air to circulate, improving the effect.Put the steel wool inside the wire whisk.Attach a string to the end of the whisk.Wait until dusk or dark and find a clear, fire-safe area. When you are ready, touch both terminals of the 9-volt battery to the steel wool. The electrical short will ignite the wool. It will smolder and glow, not burst into flame, so dont be too concerned.Clear the area around you, hold the rope, and start spinning it. The faster you spin it, the more air youll get to feed the combustion reaction.To stop the sparkler, stop spinning the rope. You can dunk the whisk in a bucket of water to make sure its completely extinguished and to cool the metal. Taking a Great Spinning Steel Wool Photograph The effect can be used to produce truly amazing images. For a quick and simple picture, just use your cell phone. Turn off the flash and set the exposure for a few seconds or longer, if that is an option. For a serious photograph you can proudly display on your wall: Use a tripod.Choose a low ISO like 100 or 200, since there is a lot of light.Select an exposure time from a few seconds up to 30 seconds.For really cool effects, work on a reflective surface, like water, or spin the steel wool inside a tunnel or arch. If the area is enclosed, the sparks will outline it in your photo. Safety Its fire, so this is an adult-only project. Perform the project on a beach or in a parking lot or some other place free from flammable material. Its a good idea to wear a hat to protect your hair from stray sparks and glasses to protect your eyes. Need more excitement? Try breathing fire!

Sigmund Freud Biography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sigmund Freud Biography - Essay Example He was born in Freiberg, Moravia the present Czech Republic to Jewish parents, Jacob and Amaria Nathanson Freud. His mother was the third wife to Jacob, after being windowed twice in the previous two marriages. He was the first-born son to Amaria and later, her mother gave birth to other seven children. By virtue of being her mother’s first child, he was her favorite son and her influence to Sigmund played a significant role in his early childhood. While only three years old, the family relocated to Vienna in a Jew neighborhood following a financial crisis that ruined his father’s thriving business. Their new location remained Freud’s home until a year before his death in 1939 (Ernest, 1957). The earliest influence on Freud’s illustrious academic career was Ludwig Borne, an outstanding journalist and satirist of the 19th century. Freud performed well in his secondary schooling and his ability to master several languages was exemplary. He opted to study med icine instead of law at Vienna University. While studying at the university, he experienced racial prejudice and discrimination because of his Jewish heritage. It was in the university that Freud immersed himself in the study of neurology reaserch believing that the field would give him better financial returns than other medical specialties. However, it was not until 1885 when he met Martin Charcot, a prominent neurologist in Paris that Freud took a detour from neurological research to medical psychopathology. Through close association with him, Freud learned about hypnosis, method that Charcot used to treat patients with mental disorders. A year later, in 1886 Freud opened a private clinic and married Martha Bernays (Ernest, 1957). In 1884, Freud discovered that cocaine had analgesic properties (Gay, 1988). A self-confessed cocaine user, Freud argued that the drug had curative properties for variety of mental and physical illnesses. The following three years, he published three pa pers advocating the use of cocaine as an effective antidepressant and for treating patients addicted to morphine. However, following a reported widespread addiction to the drug from the public and his patients, using cocaine for medical purposes came under heavy criticism. Freud continued using it to alleviate his depression, but the resulting backlash from the medical fraternity prevented him from using the drug for treating the aforementioned maladies. However, cocaine remained part of his drug use in addition to heavy cigar smoking (Gay, 1988). In his private practice, Freud tried hypnosis in treatment of mental patients, but he eventually dropped from using it because it failed in most cases. During this time, he had interacted with Josef Breuer, a psychologist who treated neurotic patients with a method that entailed speaking what was disturbing them. This method particularly worked well on a patient named Anna and it came to be referred as the ‘talking cure’ (Gay, 1988). Sigmund Freud modified Josef Breuer’s technique in 1890’s and it later developed into psychoanalysis. According to Freud, a patient who talked out his or her problems healed because by speaking out, the strong emotions that caused mental problem were released from the unconscious mind (Jacobs, 2003). In this regard, Freud argued tha

Fashion changes in the American popular culture of the 1960s Research Paper

Fashion changes in the American popular culture of the 1960s - Research Paper Example The essay "Fashion changes in the American popular culture of the 1960s" discusses what changes happened in fashion in the America of 60th. The 1960s decade dawned the smiley face that appeared on almost everything including T-shirts. Characteristically, the smiley face gained more fame in the latter 1960s. The T-shirts and other items also had paintings of phrases of iconic events that epitomized the decade. The phrases included, â€Å"Martin Luther King†, â€Å"Civil Rights and Riots†, â€Å"The Space Race†, â€Å"Cuban Missile and Crisis†, â€Å"The Space Race† and â€Å"Vietnam. The term â€Å"hippie† derived from the word hipster. The hippies mainly represented an outgrowth from the Beat movement of the 1950s. The hippies often claimed to be aiming at freedom and re-embracing nature. They, therefore, represented an alternative interest in lifestyle as well being rebellious of the society that appeared to be repressive and conformist. Th e hippies made their clothing from natural fibers such as cotton and hemp. They also liked their clothing to be loose. Both men and women kept long hair with fussy styling, and they avoided hair products. They black trousers and turtlenecks worn by the female and male Beatniks metamorphosed into jeans and peasant blouses. Any hand-woven, hand sewn or hand knit macramà © soared in its prices. Gradually, the hippie fashion culture evolved into individuals dyeing their clothing. This colorful tie and dye fashion gain popularity almost immediately. In the fashion of the 60’s dressing appearance revolved.

Eliza as a Strong, Assertive Woman in Pygmalion Essay -- George Bernar

Eliza as a Strong, Assertive Woman in Pygmalion Bernard Shaw’s comedy Pygmalion presents the journey of an impoverished flower girl into London’s society of the early 20th century. Professor Higgins proposes a wager to his friend Colonel Pickering that he can take a common peddler and transform her into royalty. Eliza Doolittle is the pawn in the wager. But little does Higgins know the change will go far beyond his expectations: Eliza transforms from a defensive insecure girl to a fully confident,strong, and independent woman. When the audience first meets Eliza Doolittle she is a flower girl peddling at 11 PM in front of St. Paul’s Church. The audience’s first impression is one of sympathy because she is dressed in rags and pedestrians are unkind to her. Higgins calls Eliza "you squashed cabbage leaf, you disgrace to the noble architecture of these columns, you incarnate insult to the English language." (p. 21) The audience’s sympathy is intensified when we see Eliza’s wretched lodgings. These lodgings are much contrasted to those of Higgins in Wimploe S...

Impact of Cuban Trade Embargo

The Impact of the Cuban Trade Embargo By: Natalie Bell 2/25/09 [pic] International Business Law BLAW 4320 [pic] Cuba, the largest island nation in the Caribbean just ninety miles off the coast of Florida, experienced many difficult struggles through its extensive history. It was the last major Spanish colony to gain independence, following a lengthy struggle that was begun in 1868. It was in 1898 when the U. S. intervened during the Spanish-American War that it finally overthrew Spanish rule. The Treaty of Paris established Cuban independence, which was granted in 1902 after a three-year transition period. The United States and Cuba concluded a Treaty of Relations in 1934, which, among other things, continued the 1903 agreements that leased the Guantanamo Bay naval base to the United States (CIA World Factbook). In the time before 1959, the United States had maintained strong ties with Cuba. Many Americans had many various business investments there, and the country was a special place for tourists from around the world. Since the fall of the U. S. -supported dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista in 1959, it was Fidel Castro who has mainly led Cuba throughout the years. It was in Febuary 19, 2008 when Fidel Castro finally ceded power to his brother Raul Castro. Since the majority of Cubans were born after the 1959 revolution, most of the Cuban people have known no other leader. President Fidel Castro outlasted no fewer than nine American presidents since he took power in 1959 (Castro:Profile). Relations between the United States and Cuba deteriorated rapidly as Fidel Castro and the Cuban regime moved toward the acceptance of the one-party communist system. Cuba seized the assets of American citizens and U. S. irms including farms, factories, hotels, bank accounts, and real estate without compensation. It was finally on April 16, 1961 when Fidel Castro declared Cuba a socialist state. Cuba's Communist revolution, with Soviet support, was brought to other countries throughout Latin America and Africa during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. Castro maintained close relations with the Soviet Union and worked jointly with the goals of Soviet communism by fund ing and provoking violent rebellious activities, as well as using military intervention in other countries, until the fall of the U. S. S. R. in 1991 (Castro: Profile). In response, the United States imposed an embargo on Cuba in October 1960, and, broke diplomatic relations on January 3, 1961. This began the over forty-year period of tension between the U. S. and Cuba, beginning with President Kennedy’s failed Bay of Pigs invasion in 1963 and the Cuban Missile Crises (CIA World Factbook). Since 1961, Cuba portrayed many difficulties as the result of the U. S. embargo and the embargo had a great effect on both nations. It was in 1963 that the United States passed the Cuban Assets Control Regulations, under the authority of the Trading with the Enemy Act. The Act was enacted in 1917 to restrict trade with countries that are hostile to the United States. The law gives the President the power to oversee or restrict any or all trade between the U. S. and its enemies in times of war. The purpose of the law was to isolate Cuba economically and politically. It banned all trade and financial transactions between Cuba and the U. S. , and froze all U. S. held assets of the Cuban government and of private Cuban citizens. It also prohibited almost all travel to Cuba by researchers, student groups, journalists, athletes, and those traveling to see immediate family members (Schaffer 268). After the fall of the Soviet Union in the early 1990’s, the U. S. Congress wanted to pressure Cuba for democratic change. First in 1992, the U. S. Congress approved the Cuban Democracy Act, restricting Americans from vis iting the island, banning family remittances, and prohibiting foreign subsidiaries of U. S. ompanies from doing business with Cuba. Following a few years later, on March 12, 1996, President Bill Clinton signed the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act, also called the Helms-Burton Act. After this law was signed, it further toughened the Cuban sanctions. It imposed penalties on foreign companies doing business in Cuba, it permitted U. S. citizens to file lawsuits against foreign investors who made use of the American-owned property that was seized after 1959 by the Cuban government, and it denied an entry visa into the U. S. to such foreign investors. It was a very controversial because this included many Mexican, Canadian, and European businessmen who did business in Cuba (268). The passage of the Helm-Burton Act caused a worldwide protest, primarily in Mexico, Canada, and the European Union, who argued that the Helm-Burton Act violated international law. A protest was filed with the World Trade Organization by the European Union, but was suspended when the Clinton Administration reassured that the law for visa restrictions under Title III of the Helm-Burton Act would not be enforced against citizens in third world countries. The Act calls for the trade sanctions between the U. S. and Cuba to end as soon as Cuba agrees to have a democratically elected government, abide by human rights conventions, opens its prisons to international inspection, returns Cuban citizenship to Cuban exiles living in the U. S. , and makes progress in returning expropriated property to its rightful owners (268). Today, there are many laws, rules, and regulations that derived from the U. S. sanctions against Cuba. Presently, most commercial imports from Cuba are illegal by law but remain listed under the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000 (TSRA). Under the Act, the sale of certain items, including medicine and medical supplies, and agricultural commodities have been approved for export by specific regulations. According to the Act, â€Å"The Department of the Treasury is responsible in issuing licenses that are used to export these goods on a case-by-case scenario and authorizing Cuban travel-related transactions that are only relating to marketing, sales negotiation, accompanied delivery, and servicing of exports and re-exports that also must appear in line with the licensing policy of the Department of Commerce† (U. S. Treasury Department). The only sectors in which U. S. citizens may sell and service products to Cuba include agricultural commodities, medicine, and medical devices. The Treasury Department will is also be able to consider requests for specific licenses for humanitarian travel, educational exchanges (that are at least 10 weeks in length), and religious activities by individuals or groups that are associated with a religious organization. However, any U. S. citizen or corporation that is subject to U. S. law and engages in any travel-related transaction in Cuba violates the regulations. The Act specifically states that, â€Å"The Cuban Assets Control Regulations affects all U. S. citizens and permanent residents wherever they are located, all people and organizations physically in the United States, and all branches and subsidiaries of U. S. organizations throughout the world† (U. S. Treasury Department). If the regulations are not followed, then it may result in both civil penalties and criminal prosecution upon return to the United States (U. S. Treasury Department). Today, traveling to Cuba also has many rules and laws that make traveling to the Cuba very complex. In 2004, President Bush’s Commission for Assistance to a Free Cuba placed a further reduction on the restrictions on family visits to Cuba. Visits by Cuban Americans to family in Cuba are permitted only once every 3 years instead of once every year. No humanitarian exceptions are given if there is any of a family illness or crisis going on in Cuba. Visits are restricted to two weeks and strictly limited to immediate family as defined by the U. S. Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), which eliminates the right to visit cousins, aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces, or more distant relatives (LAWG). Only if a traveler receives a license, then a valid passport will be required for entry into Cuba. The Cuban government requires that travelers obtain their visas before they arrive to the country. If there are attempts to enter or exit Cuba illegally, or there is in any kind of aid in helping Cuban nationals or others escape Cuba then punishment is served by stiff jail terms. Entering Cuban territory, territorial waters or airspace, which include being within 12 miles of the Cuban coast, without any prior permission from the Cuban government may result in arrest or other enforcement actions by Cuban authorities. According to the U. S. Department of State, most immigration violators are subject to prison terms that range from four years for illegal entry or exit to as many as 30 years for certain cases of assisting Cuban migrants to attempt to leave Cuba illegally (U. S. Department of State). Family remittances or money sent to Cuba also have specific rules and regulations that must be followed by the people residing under U. S. law. According to the U. S. Department of State, â€Å"U. S. ersons aged 18 or older may send money to members of the remitter’s immediate family in Cuba of up to $300 per household in any consecutive three-month period, regardless of the number of members of the remitter’s immediate family residing in that household. † The law also states that no member of the household can be a prohibited official of the Government of Cuba or a prohibited member of the Cuban Communist Party (U. S. Department of State). Other laws that are also a part of the on g oing U. S. embargo with the Cuban government involves the use of money in Cuba that U. S. travelers are limited to spend during their stay in Cuba. U. S. people traveling to Cuba to visit their family or traveling for other purposes can spend no more than $50 per day on non-transportation-related expense in Cuba, and up to an additional $50 per trip to pay for transportation-related expenses in Cuba. However, professionals such as journalists, photographers, or any other kind of licensed travelers may spend additional money for their professions that are directly related to what they need in order to fulfill their work (U. S. Department of State). It is also interesting to know that U. S. citizens and permanent resident aliens are not allowed from using their credit cards, personal checks, or travelers’ checks that are drawn from U. S. banks in Cuba. U. S. credit card companies do not accept any kind of vouchers from Cuba, and, at the same time, Cuban shops, hotels and other places of business do not accept any types of U. S. credit cards (U. S. Department of State). Today, the U. S. Cuban embargo has become one of the most controversial issues upon many countries throughout the world. There have been many advocating for a change of the current policies towards Cuba for some time now. The sanction has continuously been condemned and voted against by almost all nations throughout the world. For the 16th consecutive year, the U. N. General Assembly recommended that the U. S. ended the embargo. In 2006, a total of 183 member nations of the U. N called on the U. S. to end the sanctions with Cuba (Sierra). In 2007, the 192-member General Assembly passed the measure by 184 votes to four, with one abstention (U. S. Urged). According to Remy Herrera, â€Å"The normative content of this embargo and its rules, which the U. S. intends to inflict on the international community with its unilateral sanctions is a violation of the spirit and letter of the United Nations Charter and of the Organization of American States, and of the very fundamentals of international law† (Herrera). This excessive extension of the territorial jurisdiction of the U. S. , Herrera adds, â€Å"Is contrary to the principle of national sovereignty and to that of non-intervention in the internal choices of a foreign state, s recognized in the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice† (Herrera). According to Richard Schaffer, even the Vatican protested Helms-Burton, claiming that it increased economic suffering of the Cuban People. Many trade groups have also argued against the law because they believed that economic engagement actually would promote freedom in totalitarian countries. The U. S. firms that are h oping to engage in the business activities in Cuba also seek an ending to the U. S. trade sanctions (Schaffer 269). According to U. S. Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi, many feel that the lifting of the travel restrictions to Cuba, family remittances, and trade exchange are necessary and are some of the most important issues in the policy changing process that the U. S. needs to undergo in order to have better relations with Cuba (Pelosi). Ironically, surveys of the American public opinion show that the vast majority of Americans favor ending sanctions as well, and recognizing the government of Cuba (Schaffer 269). According to a recent poll from USA Today that took place between February 21- 24, 2008, 61% of 2,021 adults nationwide favored re-establishing U. S. diplomatic relations with Cuba, 29% opposed, and 10% of the people were unsure (PollingReport). Over Forty-five years of communism have left the island nation an economic ruin and the U. S. embargo had many diverse effects on Cuba. According to a BusinessWeek article by Geri Smith, â€Å"The Cuban government has always referred to the embargo as a ‘blockade,’ a word that has a more sinister tone than ‘embargo’† (Smith). Cuba went through many difficulties as the result of the U. S. embargo since 1961 and suffered much more since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The country faced a severe economic downturn, which really caused the Cubans' living standards to significantly fall. The disappearance of Soviet aid following the collapse of the USSR forced the government to introduce tight rationing of energy, food, and consumer goods, as well as the withdrawal of the former Soviet annual subsidies that were worth $4 billion to $6 billion (Country Profile: Cuba). Since then, it has taken action with limited reforms in order to increase enterprise efficiency and improve some of their economic problems which included their serious shortages of food and goods. Due to the economic problems and domestic inefficiencies that Cuba faced during the 1990’s, President Castro allowed a few steps towards a more market-oriented system. In 1993, the U. S. dollar was accepted by Cuba and allowed to circulate throughout the nation. Because of their lack of basic necessities and few consumer goods, Cuba’s economy persisted with the help of Canadian, European and Latin American investments. Essentially for Cuba, the nation also developed closer relations with China and Venezuela. China invested in Cuba’s nickel industry and provided Cuba support in the form of trade credit, technology, and investment capital while Venezuela provided supply to cheap fuel (Smith). Since late 2000, Venezuela has been supplying about 100,000 barrels per day of petroleum products. Cuba has been paying for this oil with the services of Cuban personnel in Venezuela, including 20,000 medical professionals (CIA WorldFactbook). After market factors improved, in 2004 the U. S. dollar transactions in Cuba were banned and a 10% tax was imposed on the dollar-peso conversions. According to the CIA World Factbook, Cuban exports total $3. 31 billion and their major exports include Sugar, nickel, tobacco, fish, medical products, citrus, and coffee partners. The countries that Cuba mainly exports to include the Netherlands (21. 8%), Canada (21. 6%), China (18. 7%), Spain (5. 9%) (CIA WorldFactbook). On the other hand, Cuban imports have totaled $10. 86 billion and consist mainly of petro leum, food, machinery and equipment, and chemicals. The countries that Cuba mainly imports from include Venezuela (26. 6%), China (15. 6%), Spain (9. 8%), Germany (6. 4%), Canada (5. 6%), Italy (4. 4%,) the U. S. (4. 3%), and Brazil (4. %) (CIA WorldFactobook) Today, Cuba has two currencies in circulation, which include the Cuban peso (CUP) and the convertible peso (CUC). The Cuban peso (CUP) is specifically for the Cubans, while the convertible peso (CUC) is strictly for tourists and foreign businessmen. According to a BBC News article by Michael Voss, â€Å"The average Cuban salary of 400 pesos a month is worth about $16, yet almost everything available in the shops has to be paid for in the convertible pesos (CUC's)† (Voss). â€Å"Why has the economy moved to convertible pesos when workers are paid in the national currency? † declared one of the students in the article. You need to work for two days just to buy a toothbrush† (Voss). The problem with the dual c urrency is one of the biggest challenges that negatively influences the Cuban economy. Cuba faces many hardships because of the economic problems throughout the country. Many of the effects have caused an increase in prostitution, corruption, black marketeering and desperate efforts to escape in search of a better life (Country Profile: Cuba). Many Cubans had enough with the hardships and risk their lives to escape from the country. Thousands have tried to escape through the sea in a waterborne exodus to Florida, but many have drowned. Castro: Profile) According to the BBC News article, Castro: Profile of the Great Survivor, â€Å"Even his own daughter Alina Fernandez prefers a life of exile as a dissident in Miami to rule under her ‘despotic’ father† (Castro: Profile). According to the CIA World Fact Book, illicit migration to the U. S. , using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, or air flights, is still a continuing problem. The U. S. Coast Guard seized 2,864 peop le trying to cross the Straits of Florida in the year 2006 (CIA WorldFactbook). Cuba has also been fraudulent with the UN's top human rights forum, over specific rights abuses. The UN has insisted that Cuba allows for freedom of expression and to release imprisoned protesters who have protested against the government (Country Profile: Cuba). The U. S. has caused Cuba many economic damages because of the U. S. embargo. According to U. S. congresswoman Nancy Pelosi, â€Å"The over-45-year US economic, commercial and financial blockade of Cuba has translated into over 89 billion dollar losses for the U. S. † (Pelosi). According to the article, The Effects of the U. S. Embargo Against Cuba, the direct economic losses for Cuba by the U. S. embargo would exceed 70 billion dollars. The damages were estimated by calculating amounts of Cuba’s potential earnings and unnecessary losses since the institution of the U. S. embargo in 1961. The embargo negatively affected all of the sectors in Cuba, which also directly imposed on the major driving forces of the Cuban economy, which included tourism, foreign direct investments (FDI) and currency transfers (Herrera). Cuba became very limited in having access to technologies and various resources because of the obstacles that were forced by the Unites States. According to a Business Week article, â€Å"Trade and investment open up economies to new ideas. Cell phones, the Internet, and other high-tech communication technologies are detrimental to closed-minded bureaucracies† (Farrel). Since December, 2001, when food and agricultural products were allowed to be exported to Cuba, over $2 billion dollars worth of goods were earned by U. S. firms and shippers (LAWG). According to the article, The Travel Industry’s Push to Unlock Cuba, loosening the restrictions could boost the U. S. economy in the long term by as much as $1. 6 billion annually and create as many as 23,000 new jobs (Unlock Cuba). In this way, Cuba has the potential for economic growth if the U. S. nds or even loosens their trade sanctions. This can also further ease the hardships and economic issues of poverty in Cuba. Relations between the United States and Cuba are hoping to improve in the future, especially because Fidel Castro retired his control over Cuba. Many hope that Cuba will be open for business and that there may be signs of new beginnings of chang e on the economic front under Raul Castro (Smith). Some, however, are more skeptical of the idea. According to a recent poll from USA Today that took place between February 21- 24 of 2008, only 37% of 2,021 people felt that the situation for people in Cuba would get better. A majority of 51% felt that the situation for people in Cuba would stay the same, 6% felt that it would get worse, and 6% felt they were unsure (PollingReport). Fortunately, Raul Castro has introduced a series of reforms since taking over as president from his brother Fidel in February and has already taken steps on improving certain services for the Cuban public. The new leader started focusing on some of the most-mentioned problems, such as spotty public transportation and the low wages paid by the government to private farmers (Smith). According to the article, Cuban Leaders Plan More Reforms, these reforms have also included the removal of some restrictions on the purchase of electrical goods such as mobile phones, microwave ovens and DVD players. According to the article, Cubans have been reported to take out 7,400 new mobile phone contracts in the 10 days since the restrictions were eased. The country has also lifted a ban on its people staying in hotels previously reserved for foreigners (Cuban Leaders). It will be interesting to see if more market-oriented steps will take place with the Raul Castro’s new regime. Another major issue that will be crucial for many U. S. businesses as soon as the embargo ends in the future is the growing interest in the tourism sector of Cuba. According to an article by Sucharita Mulpuru, Americans represent only a small part of the nearly 1. 2 million visitors who come to Cuba every year, mainly from Canada, Spain, France, Germany, and Britain (Mulpuru). Tourism continues to inspire high hopes among many investors. In the article, Enzo Alberto, the Canadian-Italian CEO of ICC, a major investor in the island's Internet infrastructure states, â€Å"I believe that Cuba could be to America like Hong Kong is to Asia,† (Mulpuru). Many countries pour nearly $2 billion into the economy, outstripping revenues from sugar and other core crops such as tobacco (Mulpuru). According to the article, A Warmer Climate for Trade with Cuba, the industry argues that the island nation is a potential source of needed revenues that would be able to boost both the travel business and the U. S. economy while opening to tourism and foreign investment in Cuba. As a result, this will also boost the economy as well as the currency reserves of Cuba. Unfortunately, all of this potential to help both economies and many people in both nations will not end until the U. S. rade embargo ends and the Cuban government loosens its stranglehold on the economy. It will be interesting to see how the U. S. embargo will be affected by the policies of the future elected president of the U. S. Of the three leading Presidential candidates, only Democratic contender Senator Barack Obama has stated that he would be willing to sit down and talk with Rau l Castro's government, as long as human rights are on the agenda. On the other hand, Senator Hillary Clinton stated said she would not do so until Cuba started to implement economic and political reforms, while Senator John McCain has kept President George W. Bush’s policy and states that â€Å"talks are off† until Cuba begins a â€Å"transition to a free and open society† and releases all political prisoners (Smith). According to the Associated Press, the presidential candidates are expected to lightly discuss the question of lifting the embargo during their campaign. According to their article, Five-decade U. S. Trade Embargo with Cuba Expected to Outlast Fidel Castro, there is a great deal of sensitivity on the issue, especially in states with high populations of Cuban immigrants such as Florida (Associated Press). The entrepreneurs of the U. S. ave seen their foreign competitors take advantage of opportunities in Cuba. U. S. businesspersons can only hope that the trade and travel restrictions will be lifted eventually, so that they can tap the potential markets in Cuba especially in the tourism and agricultural sectors. This is very unlikely to happen soon because of the ongoing disputes between many in regards to the Cuban embargo. The impact of the Cuban embargo caused many diverse effects for both nations, but with new policies and politicians that are developing for the future, this story can be the end of an old era. Works Cited ACN Cuban News Agency. 2007, May 2). â€Å"Nancy Pelosi Says U. S. Blockade of Cuba Should be Lifted. † Retrieved April 24, 2008, from http://www. cubanews. ain. cu/2008/0425nancypelosi. htm Alomso, Cynthia C. â€Å"The Travel Industry's Push to Unlock Cuba. † BusinessWeek. 27 August 2003 Associated Press. Five-decade U. S. Trade Embargo with Cuba Expected to Outlast Fidel Castro. 20 February 2008. Retrieved on April 24, 2008 from http://www1. whdh. com/news/articles/national/BO73631 BBC News. (2008, February 19). â€Å"Castro: Profile of the Great Survivor†. Retrieved April 24, 2008 from http://news. bbc. co. k/2/hi/americas/244974. stm BBC News. (2008, April 12). â€Å"Cuban Leaders Plan More Reforms†. Retrieved April 24, 2008, from http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/americas/7343883. stm BBC News. (2008, February 26). â€Å"Country Profile: Cuba†. Retrieved April 24, 2008 from http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1203299. stm BBC News. (2008, April 24). â€Å"Cubans Snapping Up Mobile Phones†. Retrieved April 24, 2008, from http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/business/7364791. stm BBC News. (2007, October 30). â€Å"U. S. Urged to End Cuba Embargo†. Retrieved April 24, 2008, from http://www. bbc. co. k/caribbean/news/story/2007/10/071030_cubaun. shtml CIA World Factbook. Cuba. (nd). Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cu. html Farrell, Christopher. â€Å"The Case Against Embargoes† BusinessWeek. 25 April 2005 Herrera, Remy. The Effects of the U. S. ‘Embargo’ Against Cuba. 7 October 2003. Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from http://www. alternatives. ca/article876. html Latin America Working Group (LAWG ). Top Ten Reasons For Changing U. S. Policy Toward Cuba. (nd) Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from http://www. lawg. org/docs/new_member_packet. df Magnusson, Paul. â€Å"A Warmer Climate For Trade in Cuba. † BusinessWeek. 16 June 2000 Mulpuru, Sucharita. â€Å"In Cuba, History’s Joy—and Curse. † BusinessWeek. 3 Feb 2003. Pew Hispanic Center. Cubans in the Unite States: A Profile. 25 August 2006. Retrieved from http://pewhispanic. org/files/factsheets/23. pdf Polling Report. Cuba. Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from http://www. pollingreport. com/cuba. htm Plummer, Robert. â€Å"How Cubans Heal Their Economic Ills† BBC News. 3 January 2007. Schaffer R. , Earle B. , & Agusti F. (2005). International Business Law and Its Environment. Ohio: Thomson-Southwestern West. (6e). Sierra, J. A. Economic Embargo Timeline. (nd). Retrieved on April 22, 2008 from http://www. historyofcuba. com/history/funfacts/embargo. htm Smith, Geri. â€Å"Cuba Under the Other Castro? † BusinessWeek. 24 February 2008 Smith, Geri. â€Å"When Will Cuba Be Open for Business? † BusinessWeek. 29 February 2008 U. S. Department of the State. (http://www. state. gov). Retrieved on April 22, 2008. U. S. Department of the Treasury. â€Å"Cuba: What You Need To Know About The U. S. Embargo†. Retrieved April 22, 2008 from http://www. treas. gov/ofac Voss, Michael. â€Å"Stepping Into Big Brother's Shoes? † BBC News. 24 February 2008

A Beautiful Friendship Adolf Hitler and Josef Stalin

The 60th anniversary of one of the most fateful events in world history went unremarked this week. On Aug. 23, 1939 Adolf Hitler and Josef Stalin agreed to what became known as the Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact. With that, Stalin made World War II possible. Assured that he was protected from Soviet counter-aggression in the East, Hitler invaded Poland a week later, Sept. 1. The signal that something was up between the two totalitarian powers had come some four months earlier but European chancelleries overlooked it. For on May 3, 1939 came the startling news that the Soviet Foreign Minister Maxim Litvinov had resigned at his own request. Litvinov, of Jewish origin and strongly anti-Nazi, had been replaced by Vyacheslav Molotov. His†¦show more content†¦Thus the anti-Nazi parties were rebuffed, on Stalins orders, when in 1932 they appealed to the German Communist Party to form a united front against the Nazis. In other words, Stalin wanted the Nazis in power because in a few years, so he believed, they would be ousted and Germany would eventually fall into his lap. Revisionist historians have been trying to sell a fairy-tale that Communist Party members wanted nothing but good for the working-class. Their demurrer: only a handful were spies for Stalin. But these mainstream historians ignore the ignominious role the Communist Party played during those crucial months of the Nazi-Soviet Pact when France fell in 1940 and Britain stood alone. French Communist Party members sent anonymous letters to soldiers on the Maginot Line detailing the fictitious amours of supposedly adulterous wives. In America the communists fought conscription; communist-controlled CIO unions called strikes against aircraft factories to prevent shipment to France or England of warplanes they had paid for. The Daily Worker called it the Second Imperialist War, the Soviet dismemberment of Poland an action taken in the cause of world peace. Earl Browder, Communist Party leader, called FDR an unlimited military dictator who had adopted the techniques of Adolf Hitler. Congress wa s called the Hitler Reichstag. And then overnight the Second Imperialist War became a Peoples War, when on June 22, 1941, Hitler invaded the USSR -Show MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagescollectivist over the religious, the commercial, and the individualist. They annihilated cathedrals, abbeys, fortifications, and ceremonial gates and towers and did their utmost to erect idols to themselves and their creed (1995, 3–4). In 1928, as Stalin introduced the first of his five-year plans for Russian economic development, primarily through industrialization, and began to do away with private farms by collectivizing agriculture in the 1930s, rural people fled the countryside and migrated